

ADAPTED TO THE QUESTIONS 



FOR 



djR: 



IMSHAW'S 



LIFE OF NAPOLEON. 



—m^Qo* 



PHILADELPHIA: 

PUBLISHED BY TO WAR & HOGAN, No. 255 MARKET ST., ^ 



tiK^STi) AND BOLP BY ALL THE BOOKSELLGES 15 THE UNITED STATES. 

1829. 



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KEY 



ADAPTED TO THE QUESTIONS 



vos 



GRIMSKAW'S 



l-j 



LIFE OE NAPOLEON. 



JifiilatrrliJfiia: 

PUBLISHED BY TOWAR & HOGAN, No. 255 MARKET STREET 

AND SOLD BY ALL THE BOOKSELLERS m THE U. STATES. 

STEREOTYPED BY J. HOWE. 



Eastern District of Pennsylvania, to Wit : 

****** BE IT REMEMBERED, That on the fifth day of June, in 
*L. S.* the fifty -third year of the independence of the United States of 
****** America, A. D. 1829, William Grimshaw, of the said district, 

has deposited in this office the title of a Book, the right whereof he claims 

as author, in the words following, to wit : 

" Key adapted to the Questions for Grimshaw's Life of Napoleon." 

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D. CALDWELL, Clerk of the 

Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 



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i*-^ 



^^. 



KET. 



^n^Thejigures in the first column denote the number of the Answer^ 
corresponding with the Question ; those in the second^ refer to the 
page of the History, from which the Answer is to be framed. 



CHAPTER I. 

A. P. 

1. 9. On the fifteenth day of August, 1769, 

2. 9. Ajaccio, in the island of Corsica. 

3. 9. In the archives of Treviso. 

4. 9. On several houses in Florence, 

5. 9. Charles Buonaparte. 

6. 9. At Pisa. 

7. 9. The lav^r. 

8. 9. Letitia Ramolini. 

9. 9. Thirteen. 

10. 9. Five sons and three daughters, 

11. 9. Joseph, Napoleon, Lucien, Louis, and 

Jerome. 

12. 9. Maria Anne, Maria Paulina, and Caroline, 

13. 10. At Montpelier. 

14. 10. An ulcer in the stomach. 

15. 10. In 1783. 

16. 10. The count de Marbceuf. 

17. 10. Ten. 

18. 10. Mathematics. 

19. 10. M. Pichegru, and Father Patjrault 

20. 11. Fortification, and all the other branches of 

military science and tactics. 

21. 15. The principal school of Paris. 

22. 15. In the month of October, 1783. 

23. 15. The parties of the celebrated abbe RaynaL 

24. 16. Seventeen. 



A. 


P. 


25. 


16 


26. 


16, 


27. 


16. 


28. 


16, 


29. 


16. 


30. 


16. 


31. 


16. 



A regiment of artillery, quartered at Valence* 
They were handsome and intelligent. 
It was active and neat, though slight. 
In 1792. 

That it brought out from his retirement, the 
celebrated general Paoli. 

They were dissimilar to those which un- 
happily began then to prevail in France. 

That species which is the protector, and 
not the destroyer, of property ; and which 
confers practical happiness, instead of 
aiming at imaginary perfection. 

The side of the convention 
The civil war of his native land. 
As a partisan of the convention. 
A decree of banishment from the island. 
First at Nice, and afterwards at Marseilles. 
The protection of Lucien and Napoleon. 
When just entering his twenty-fifth year. 
Napoleon. 

Yes : he received a bayonet- wound, in the 
thigh. 

CHAPTER II. 

41. 18. On the first day of February, 1793. 

42. 18. To support the Dutch. 

43. 18. The command of the duke of York. 

44. 18. General Miranda. 

45. 19. The prince of Hesse. 

46. 19. General Clairfait. 

47. 19. Tiie first of March. 

48. 19. The archduke Charles. 

49. 19. The prince of Saxe-Cobourg. 

50. 19. At Neerwinden. 



32. 


16 


33. 


16 


34. 


16. 


35. 


17. 


36. 


17, 


37. 


17. 


38. 


17. 


39. 


17. 


40. 


17, 



A. p. 

51. 19. Dumourier. 

52. 19. Louvain. 

53. 19. Yes. 

54. 19. He concluded an armistice. 

55. 19. He declared his intention of marching to 

Parisj against the Jacobins, and re-es- 
tablishing a constitutional monarchy in 
France. 

56. 19. He proposed to them the restoration of 

monarchy, in the person of the dauphin ; 
and that they should turn their arms 
against their country. 

57. 19. No : they considered it their duty to disobey. 

58. 19. On the fourth of April, conceiving himself 

in the utmost danger, he escaped from his 
indignant soldiers, through a discharge of 
^ musketry ; and in the evening had an in- 
terview with an Austrian officer, colonel 
Mack. 

59. 20, In England. 

60. 20. In the year 1823. 

61. 20. In his eighty-fifth year. 

62. 20. General Dampiere. 

63. 20. General La Marche. 

64. 20. Marat, and his colleague RobespierrCo 

65. 20. Marat, and his atrocious colleagues. 

66. 21. Couthon. 

67. 21. Charlotte Corday. 

68. 21. St. Saturnin, in Normandy. 

69. 21. She was in her twenty -fifth year. 

70. 21. The fourteenth of July. 

71. 21. Brissot, and some others of the proscribed 

members. 

72. 21. The southern. 

73. 22. Lyons. 

74. 22, Monarchy and aristocracy. 

A2 



77. 


22, 


78. 


22, 


79. 


22, 


80. 


22. 


81. 


22. 


82. 


22. 


83. 


22. 


84. 


22. 



6 

A. P. 

75. 22. Because the inhabitants were engaged 

chiefly in the manufacture of silk. 

76. 22. Marseilles and Toulon, together with the 

whole department of the Gironde. 
Louvert. 

They were executed, at Bourdeaux. 
They put an end to their existence, and 

were found dead in a field of corn. 
He was arrested, and escaped the guillotine 

by poison. 
In a transport of indignation, he stabbed 

himself before the court. 
He was found dead on the high road. 
Madame Roland. 
"Ah, Liberty! what crimes are committed 

in thy name !" 

85. 22. Brissot, Sillery, Fauchet, Carra, the gen- 

erals Custine and Luckner, with about 
twenty other victims of the bloodthirsty 
Robespierre. 

86. 23. Lavoisier. 

87. 23. He had long been employed in an important 

philosophical experiment, and requested 
only the short respite of a fortnight, to 
complete it ; but his prayer was not 
granted. 

The duke of Orleans. 

Aspiring to the throne. 

Nearly every state of Europe. 

Switzerland, Sweden,Denmark,and Turkey. 

The British and Hanoverian. 

Valenciennes. 

The duke of York. 

On the twenty-sixth of July. 

Wurmser. 

Dunkirk. 

No: on the sixth of September, he was 



88. 


23. 


89. 


23. 


90. 


23. 


91. 


23. 


92. 


23. 


93. 


23. 


94. 


23. 


95. 


23. 


96. 


23. 


97. 


23. 


98. 


23. 



99. 


23, 


100. 


23, 


101. 


24, 



A. P. 

obliged to retire precipitately from before 

its walls. 
General Houchard. 
Jourdan. 
He attacked the allies, with so much skill 

and decision, as to compel the prince of 

Cobourg, after suffering immense loss, to 

abandon his position. 
Ostend. 

In repelling the attempts of the insurgents, 
' in La Vendee, 

Between the Loire and the Charente. 
The territory which had been called, under 

the ancient government, the province of 

Poictou. 

General Wimp sen. 

The English ministers. 

The earl of Moira. 

General Hoche. 

More than two- hundred. 

Cartaux. 

General Doppet. 

Collot d'Herbois. 

When a player, they had hissed him, for hia 

wretched acting. 
At least three-hundred-thousand. 
One-third, 

One-hundred-and-tifty-thousand. 
From the foundation of the republic, on the 
twenty-second of September, 1792. 
26. The sabbatical week, and with it the ob- 
servation of a seventh day. 
26. The tenth. 

26. They were all either closed or demolished. 
2&. It denied the existence of a God ; and de- 
clared death to be the commencement of 
an everlasting sleep.. 



102, 


24, 


103. 


24, 


104. 


24, 


105. 


24, 


106. 


24. 


107. 


24. 


108. 


24, 


109. 


25. 


110. 


25. 


111. 


25. 


112. 


25. 


113. 


25. 


114. 


25. 


115. 


25. 


116. 


25. 


117. 


25. 


118. 


26. 



8 

A. P. 

123. 26. Dugomier, aided by many other able tac- 

ticians ; particularly La Borde, Duroc, 
and Napoleon Buonaparte. 

124. 26. On the eighteenth of September. 

125. 26. Sir Sydney Smith. 

126. 27. Nine ships of the line, and three frigates. 

127. 27. Ten. 



»@0« 



CHAPTER III. 

128. 27. Three deputies from the island of St. Do- 

mingo. 

129. 27. One of them was a negro; the other two 

were mulattoes. 

130. 27. That slavery should be abolished in the 

French colonies. 

131. 27. A contest between the Jacobins and Cor- 

deliers. 

132. 27. The division called the Mountain. 

133. 28. Power. 

134. 28. The elevated seats which they occupied, in 

that part of the chamber farthest from 
the presidents chair. 

135. 28. Like the Jacobins; from a monastery, in 

which they used to meet, formerly in- 
habited by a fraternity of monks, of that 
name, (in a note.) 

136. 28. Hebert. 

1 37. 28. The wildest theories, and anti-religious doc- 

trines. 

138. 28. The term sans-culotte. 

1 39. 28. He renounced the profession of atheism, and 

obtained a solemn decree, in the conven- 
tion, recognising the existence of a God. 

140. 28. Hebert, Anacharsis Cloots, and seventeen 

others. 



A. 


P. 


141. 


29. 


142. 


29. 


143. 


29. 


144. 


30. 


145. 


30. 


146. 


30. 


147. 


30. 


148. 


30. 


149. 


30. 



9 

It was the signal for throwing off the hideous 
masquerade of sans-culotism. 

His coadjutors on the Mountain. 

Danton, Camille Desmoulins, Fabre d'Eg- 
lantine, Herault, PhiHppaux, and Lacroix. 

Some plays, which possess merit. 

The new calendar. 

Malesherbes, and baron Trenck. 

His defence of Louis, upon his trial. 

Thomas Paine. 

He had been seized with a fever, and his 
execution was suspended, until he should 
be restored to health. 
150. 30. They resolved to prevent their own death, 
by the destruction of the tyrant Robes- 
pierre. 

Robespierre, St. Just, Couthon, Henriot, 
and their adherents. 

Robespierre, and the two other triumvirs, 
together with twenty-three more of his 
associates in crime, were sentenced to 
death. 

On the twenty-eighth of July. 

He was a monster, who, in cruelty, surpass- 
ed all the tyrants both of ancient and 
modern times. 

155. 31. "Here lies Robespierre — let no tear be 

shed : Reader, if he had lived, thou hadst 
been dead." 

156. 31. Thirty-five. 

157. 32. Carriere, Foquiere de Tinville, the public 

accuser, together with fourteen of their 
atrocious colleagues. 

158. 32. Barrere, Collot d'Herbois, and Billaud de 

Varennes. 

159. 32. Seven-hundred-and-eighty-thousand. 

160. 33. Pichegru. 

161. 33. The emperor, Francis II. 



151. 


30. 


152. 


31. 


153. 


31. 


154. 


31. 



10 

A. P. 

162. 33. The duke of York. 

1 63. 33. The Austrian Netherlands, the Seven United 

Provinces of the Dutch, and a consider- 
able part of Germany, on the western 
side of the Rhine. 

164. 33. The battles of Arlon and Fleurus. 

165. 34. The former, on the thirteenth of March, an- 

nounced his secession from the grand al- 
liance ; and before the summer had far 
advanced, the latter withdrew from the 
army, in utter despair of success. 

166. 34. The duke of York, also, despaired of gain- 

ing the expected laurels from the furious 
soldiers of the republic ; and, on the sixth 
of December, embarked for England. 

167. 34. General Dundas. 

168. 34. The nineteenth of May. 

169. 34. Admiral Hood. 

170. 36. Lord Howe. 

171. 36. M. Villaret 

172. 36. Twenty-six. 

173. 35. Twenty-five. 

174. 36. The British. 

175. 36. After his fall, moderation, with little excep- 

tion, characterized the measures of the 
convention. 

176. 36. James Monroe, ambassador from the United 

States of America. 

177. 37. A citizen of France. 

178. 37. In conveying intelligence of the capture of 

Quesnoy, to Paris. 

179. 37. After the surrender of Rotterdam, Amster 

dam, and the Hague, he saved himself 
from capture, by a precipitate flight. 

180. 37. England. 

181. 37. His eldest son. 

182. 37. On the nineteenth of January, 1795. 

183. 37. Batavia. 



11 

A. p. 

184. 37. Carnot. 

185. 37. Besides the Seven United Provinces of Hol- 

land, and the nine provinces forming the 
Austrian Netherlands, there had yielded, 
to the republican forces, two principali- 
ties, two bishoprics, three duchies, five 
electorates, and also the greater part of 
the rich Spanish provinces of Biscay and 
Catalonia. 

186. 37. The victories, including eight pitched bat- 

tles, were twenty-seven. 

187. 37. One-hundred-and-twenty. 

188. 37. Eighty-four-thousand. 

189. 37. Ninety-one-thousand. 

190. 37. One-hundred-and-sixteen. 

191. 37. Two-hundred-and-thirty. 

192. 37. Sixty. 

193. 37. Three-thousand-eight-hundred cannon, and 

seventy-thousand muskets. 

194. 37. No. 

195. 38. Admiral Martin. 

196. 38. Fifteen. 

197. 38. Admiral Hotham. 

198. 38. The English. 

199. 38. Lord Bridport. 

200. 38. Twelve ships of the line, and nine frigates. 

201. 38. Fourteen of the line, and eight frigates. 

202. 38. The French were defeated, with the loss of 

three ships of the line. 

203. 38. Her subsequent good fortune, near home. 

204. 38. The king of Spain. 

205. 38. On the twenty-second of July. 

206. 38. An acknowledgment of the French repubHc. 

207. 38. The Spanish portion of the island of St. 

Domingo. 

208. 38. A treaty, at the same place, with the king 

of Prussia ; and also with the prince of 



210. 


38, 


211. 


38, 


212. 


39, 


213. 


39, 


214. 


39. 


215. 


40, 


216. 


40. 


217. 


40. 


218. 


40. 



12 

A. P. 

Hesse-Cassel, the elector of Saxony, and 

the king of England. 
209. 38. As elector of Hanover. 

CHAPTER IV. 

General Pichegru. 

General Hoche. 

The marquis of Puissaye. 

Quiberon. 

General Hoche. 

The Council of Five-Hundred, and the 
Council of Elders. 

Tv^^o-hundred-and-fifty. 

Five. 

Moderate qualifications, as to the property 
required to be possessed by the electors. 
219. 40. They w^ere required to be thirty years of 
age. 

They had completed their fortieth year. 

The council of five-hundred. 

The council of elders. 

They were to exercise the office of presi- 
dent, each in succession, for the space of 
three months. 

The fifth of October. 

General Buonaparte. 

Lareveillere Lepaux, Sieyes, Rewbell, Le- 
tourneur, and Barras. 

Carnot. 

In the formation of central schools ; and 
also in the foundation of the National In- 
stitute. 
229. 42. Volney, Raynal, La Place, Bertholet, and 
Fourcroy ; Marmontel, and the abbe de 
St. Pierre. 



220. 


40. 


221. 


40. 


222. 


40, 


223. 


40. 


224. 


41, 


225. 


41. 


226. 


42. 


227. 


42. 


228. 


52. 



13 

A. p. 

230. 42. The Ruins of Empires, 

231. 42. History. 

232. 42. Chemistry. 

233. 42. As a dramatic writer, and author of the 

Contes Moraux, or Moral Tales. 

234. 42. The affecting story of Paul and Virginia, 

and other interesting tales. 

235. 42. Jourdan, Pichegru, and Moreau. 

236. 43. By a suspension of arms for three months. 

237. 43. The Cape of Good Hope. 

CHAPTER V. 

238. 44. In the beginning of April. 

239. 44. The conquest of Italy. 

240. 44. General Buonaparte. 

241. 44. He had not yet completed his twenty-sixth 

year. 

242. 44. Josephine, the widow of general Beauhar- 

nois. 

243. 44. About thirty-thousand men. 

244. 44. Augereau and Massena ; Serrurier, Joubert, 

and Lasnes; Murat, Berthier, and An- 
dreossi. 

245. 44. Beauheu. 

246. 44. Much superior. 

247. 45. At Monte-Notte. 

248. 45. Massena. 

249. 45. The French. 

250. 45. Augereau. 

251. 45. Victor Amadeus, king of Sardinia. 

252. 45. The dukes of Parma and Modena. 

253. 46. On condition of their paying ten millions of 

livres ; of contributing, to the national 

museum of France, a certain number of 

the most celebrated paintings ; and 

B 



14 

A. P 

sending ambassadors to Pairis, to sue for 
peace. 

254. 46. The eleventh of May. 

255. 46. General Buonaparte. 

256. 46. General Beaulieu. 

257. 47. The French. 

258. 47. Milan. 

259. 47. All Lombardy. 

260. 47. Leghorn. 

261. 47. The territory of the pope. 

262. 48. The king of Sicily and Naples. 

263. 48. That they should withdraw their troops 

from the coalition, and their ships from 
the English squadron in the Mediterra- 
nean. 

264. 48. To renounce his connexion with the allied 

powers, and shut his ports against them ; 
to pay twenty-one-millions of livres, inde- 
pendent of the contributions to be levied 
upon the cities ; and to deliver a hundred 
pictures, busts, or statues, at the option 
of commissioners, to be sent to Rome, for 
their selection. 

265. 48. Wurmser. 

266. 48. The Austrian commander was weakened by 

the death, wounds, or capture, of twenty- 
thousand men. 

267. 48. AtPrimocalo,Covolo,Cismone,andBassano. 

268. 48. Mantua. 

269. 48. Three. 

270. 49. Corsica. 

271. 49. Alvinzi. 

272. 49. No. 

273. 49. The battles of Areola and Rivoh. 

274. 50. From the sixteenth to the eighteenth of 

November. 

275. 50. The fourteenth of January, (1797.) 



15 
A. P. 

276. 52. The thirty-first of May, (1796.) 

277. 52. Jourdan and Moreau. 

278. 52. The mountainous and rocky defiles of the 

Black Forest. 

279. 52. The archduke Charles. 

280. 52. The emperor of Germany. 

281. 52. He was the most active and fortunate of the 

Austrian commanders. 

282. 52. It has ever since been regarded as one of 

the most masterly exhibitions of military 
skill, that occurred during the revolution- 
ary war. 

283. 53. It terminated, in December, by the surren^ 

der of Khel, to the archduke Charles. 

Ireland. 

The fifteenth of December 

Admiral Villaret. 

General Hoche. 

A storm. 

During the course of this year, it had been 
almost annihilated, by the English cruis- 
ers. 

290. 54. Because she had seized the greater part of 

the Dutch colonies. 

291. 54. Spain. 

292. 54. Catherine II. of Russia. 

293. 54. On the sixth of November. 

294. 54. On the second of February, in the year 

1797. 

295. 55. Fourteen pitched battles, and fifty-six minor 

engagements. 

296. 55, More than one-hundred-thousand. 

297. 55. Five-hundred field-pieces, and two-thousand 

cannon of a larger size. 

298. 55. By contributions levied pn the conquered 

provinces. 

299. 55. He had beaten three comnt^anders, and de^ 

stroyed five armies. 



284. 


53. 


285. 


53. 


286. 


53. 


287. 


53. 


288. 


53. 


289. 


54. 



16 

A. P. 

300. 55. The archduke Charles. 

301. 55. Yes. 

302. 55, It rendered the French masters of all the 

Austrian possessions, from the Alps to the 
Adriatic sea. 

303. 55. Fiume and Trieste. 

304. 57. Vienna. 

305. 57. Listening, at length, to the voice of his peo- 

ple, the emperor resolved to open a treaty 
of peace. 

306. 5-7. Leoben. 

307. 57. At Campo-Formio. 

308. 57. On the seventeenth of October. 

309. 57. All his right and title to the Austrian Neth- 

erlands. 

310. 57. The Cisalpine. 

311. 57. The twentieth of November. 

CHAPTER VI. 

312. 58. The continental enemies of the republic,, 

lay prostrate at her feet. 

313. 58. Great Britain. 

314. 58. A fleet, under sir John Jervis, was appoint- 

ed to blockade the port of Cadiz ; while 
admiral Duncan was stationed off the 
coast of Holland, to observe the motions 
of the Dutch fleet. 

315. 58. Cape St. Vincent. 

316. 58. The fourteenth of February, 1797. 

317. 58. Fifteen. 

318. 58. Twenty-seven. 

319. 58. The English. 

320. 58. Oif Camperdown. 

321. 58. The eleventh of October. 

322. 58. Sixteen sail of the line, and two frigates. 



n 

323. 59. It consisted of an equal number of ships of 

the hne, but of much inferior size, ac- 
companied by ten smaller vessels, 

324. 59. The English. 

325. 59. TeneritTe. 

326. 59. Admiral Nelson. 

327. 59. A charge, made by the former against the 

latter, of conspiring to overturn the gov-, 
ernment, and place Louis XVIII. upon 
the throne. 

328. 59. Talleyrand. 

329. 60. The complete destruction of their opponents. 

330. 60. General Augereau., 

331. 60. Buonaparte. 

332. 60. Of conveying to Paris the standards taken 

at Mantua. 

333. 60, On the morning of the eighteenth Fructidor, 

(fourth of September.) 

334. 60. Barras, Reubel, and La ReveHiere, 

335. 60. Barthelemi refused to concur in these vio- 

lent measures, and v^^as put under arrest ; 
and Carnot effected his escape. 

336. 60. Fifty-three members of the councils ; amongst 

whom, were Pichegru, and the two di- 
rectors, Carnot and Barthelemi. 

337. 60. Francis de Neufchateau, and Antoine Mer- 

\m, 

338. 60. Frederick William II., king of Prussia.. 

339. 61. His son, Frederick Wilham III. 

340. 61. In the beginning of the year 1798. 

341. 61. Berthier. 

342. 61. The Roman Republic. 

343. 61, He was made prisoner, and carried to Val- 

ence, in France ; where he died, m the 
following year, at the patriarchal age of 
eighty-one. 

344. 61. Switzerland. 

B 2 



A. 


P. 


345. 


61. 


346. 


61. 


347. 


61. 


348. 


61. 



349. 


62, 


350. 


62, 


351. 


62, 


352. 


62. 



18 

General Brune. 

The Helvetic Republic. 

Tile conquest of Egypt. 

As a stepping-stone, from which, when in 
the possession of France, he might pro- 
ceed to overturn the British empire in 
Hindostan. 

The Turkish emperor, Selim III. 

Toulon. 

The twentieth of May. 

They were scarcely less accomplished than 
himself, in the art of war. 

353. 62. Kleber, De^x, and Berthier; Regnier, 

Davoust, and Lasnes ; Andreossi, and 
Murat. 

354. 62. Berthollet, Monge, and Denon. 

355. 62. Malta. 

356. 62. " It is well, general, that there was some one 

within, to open the gates to us : we 
should have had more trouble in entering, 
if the place had been altogether empty." 

357. 63. As an intermediate station, between France 

and Egypt. 

The thirtieth of June. 

A pacha or viceroy, sent from Constanti- 
nople ; and twenty-four beys» 

About four-millions. 

A timid and unwaHike sect of Christians, 
named Copts. 
362. 63. Yes: the Arabs, the Mamelukes, and the 
Turks. 

The Mamelukes. 

The adoption of foreign slaves, brought 
chiefly from Georgia and Circassia. 

Alexandria. 

Cairo. 

Rosetta.. 



358. 


63. 


359. 


63. 


360. 


63. 


361. 


63. 



363. 


63, 


364. 


63, 


365. 


63. 


366. 


65. 


367. 


65. 



19 

A. P. 

368. 65. On the seventh of July. 

369. 65, In a situation similar to that of Columbus^ 

when first crossing the unknown extent 
of the Atlantic ocean. 

370. 66. " Is this," they said, " the country, in which 

we are to receive our farms of seven 
acres each? The general might have 
allowed us to take as much as we chose — 
no one would have abused the privilege." 

371. 66. Chebreissa. 

372. 66. The French, 

373. 67. The Pyramids. 

374. 67. Murad Bey. 

375. 68. The Mamelukes were again defeated, and 

almost totally destroyed. 

376. 68. Cairo. 

377. 70. In Upper Egypt 

378. 70. Syria. 

379. 70. That the French fleet, under admiral 

Brueyes, had been destroyed, in Aboukir 
Bay. 

380. 70. Admiral Nelson. 

381. 70. On the first of August 

382. 71. He was killed. 

383. 71. Five- thousand. 

384. 72. General Humbert 

385. 72. Ireland. 

386. 72, Eleven-hundred. 

387. 72. One-hundred-and-fifty. 

388. 72. Six-thousand. 

389. 72. Twenty-thousand. 

390. 72 At Ballinamuck. 

391. 72. Sir John Borlase Warren. 

392. 72. It became a theatre of gigantic warfare; 

and more combatants were set in motion, 
than had ever been engaged, since Xerxes 
led his countless millions against Greece,. 



20 

A. P. 

393. 72, It had not definitely fixed the boundaries 

between the emperor of Germany and 
France ; nor had it finally adjusted the 
conflicting interests of the German powers. 

394. 73. The defeat of the repubhcan fleet, at Abou- 

kir. 

395. 73. The interposition of the emperor Paul. 

396. 73. Jourdan. 

397. 73. Massena. 

398. 73. Joubert, aided by Moreau, as a volunteer. 

399. 73. The archduke Charles, Melas, and Suwar- 

row. 

400. 73. They were much neglected, by the depart- 

ment of war. 

401. 73. A spirit of rapacity and corruption. 

402. 73. They were every where inferior, every 

where dispirited, every where overcome. 

403. 73. Joubert. 

404. 73. The most energetic measures were adopted, 

to reinforce the armies, and enable them 
to act, once more, on the offensive. 

405. 73. Massena. 

406. 73. Of one-hundred-thousand men, who, eight 

months before, had joined the army of 
Suwarrow, scarcely one-half reached the 
banks of the river Lech, 

407. 74. Overwhelmed with grief and disappointment, 

he retired to his native country ; where 
he soon afterwards died, in the seventieth 
year of his age, of a broken heart. 

408. 75. Achmet Pacha, surnamed D'jezzar, or the 

butcher. 

409. 75. The Ottoman Porte. 

410. 76. St. Jean d'Acre. 

411. 76. Sir Sydney Smith, and colonel Philippeaux. 

412. 77. Colonel Phihppeaux. 

413. 79. No. 

414. 79. On the twentieth of May. 







21 


A. 


P. 




415. 


79. 


Sixty days. 


416^ 


79. 


Nearly five-thousand men. 


417. 


79. 


Mustapha Bey. 


418. 


79. 


Eighteen-thousand. 


419. 


79. 


Nearly the whole were destroyed, by the 
French army, in a campaign of fifteen days. 


420. 


80. 


General Kleber, 


421. 


80. 


On the twenty-fourth of August. 


422, 


80. 


Berthier, Lasnes, and Marmont ; Bessieres, 
Andreossi, and Murat. 


423. 


80. 


Near Frejus. 


424. 


80. 


On the sixteenth of October- 



CHAPTER VIL 

425. 80. Intrigue and corruption. 

426. 80. The abbe Sieyes. 

427. 81. With every demonstration of public favour. 

428. 81. Sieyes and Ducos — two of the directors — 

together with Talleyrand, Volney, and 
Buonaparte, and also his brothers, Luciea 
and Joseph. 

429. 86. On the twenty-ninth day of December. 

430. 86. More than three-millions, 

431. 86. About fifteen-hundred, 

432. 86. Three. 

433. 86. General Buonaparte was appointed first 

consul ; Cambaceres, the second , Le 
Brun, the third. 

434. 86. The abbe Sieyes. 

435. 86. It has been called a " republic in disguise." 

436. 86. It might now, with an equal degree of truth, 

be styled " a monarchy in disguise." 

437. 87. Lucien Buonaparte, 

438. 87. Talleyrand. 

439. 87. Carnot 



22 

A. P. 

440. 87. Fouche. 

441. 87. It was one of force, without bloodshed. 

442. 87. Not one. 

443. 87. By the termination of proscriptions against 

the cathoUc priests ; the re-opening of 
the churches, throughout France ; and the 
permission given to Lafayette, Latour 
Maubourg and others, who had been ex- 
iled, to return to their native country. 

444. 88. That no treaty of peace would be enter- 

tained, unless on condition that the crown 
of France should be restored to the legit- 
imate heir of the house of Bourbon. 

445. 88. Field-marshal Kray. 

446. 88. Moreau. 

447. 89. Italy. 

448. 89. The first consul. 

449. 89. On the third of May, laOO. 

450. 89. In the neighbourhood of Lusanne. 

451. 89. Sixty-thousand. 

452. 89. Across the great St. Bernard. 

453. 89. On the fifteenth of May. 

454. 90. Three. 

455. 90. General La&nes. 

456. 90. David. 

457. 90. Joseph Buonaparte. 

458. 90. Lodi, Brescia, Placentia, Pavia, and Cre- 

mona. 

459. 90. The fourteenth of June. 

460. 90. The first consul. 

461. 90. General Melas. 

462. 90. The French. 

463. 91. The arrival of general Dessaix. 

464. 91. "I die with this regret, only — that I have 

not done enough, to live in the remem- 
brance of my country." 

465. 91. One-hundred-and-fifty-thousand. 



A. P. 

466. 91. Fifteen-thousand men. 

467. 91. About six-thousand. 

468. 91. Twelve fortified towns were dehvered to 

the French ; and general Melas was con- 
strained to propose a truce. 

469. 91. Two months. 

470. 91. Massena. 

471. 91. General Moreau. 

472. 91. Hohenlinden. 

473. 91. Macdonald. 

474. 92, Brune. 

475. 92. That he might be allowed to conclude a 

separate peace. 

476. 92. Luneville. 

477. 92. On the ninth of February, in the following 

year, (1802.) 

478. 92. Joseph Buonaparte. 

479. 92. The count Cobentzel. 

480. 92. Mantua, and many other important cities of 

Italy ; together with the Austrian Nether- 
lands, and the whole left bank of the 
Rhine. 

481. 92. Three-hundred-and-twenty. 

482. 92. Eighty-nine. 

483. 92. Malta. 

484. 93. Russia, Sweden, Denmark, and Prussia. 

485. 93. The armed neutrahty. 

486. 93. They attacked the batteries of Copenhagen, 

with a powerful fleet. 
487. , 93. Lord Nelson. 

488. 93. On the second of April, 1801. 

489. 93. After an action of five hours' duration, the 

crown-prince was constrained to suspend 
the operations of the armed neutrality^ 
as far as related to Denmark. 

490. 94. The death of the emperor Paul. 

491. 94. His son, Alexander I. 

492. 94i The infernal machine. 



A. 

493. 


P. 

96. 


494. 


97, 


495. 


97, 


496. 


96, 


497. 


97. 


498. 


97, 


499. 


97, 


500. 


97. 


501. 


97. 



24 

Within the space of a single year, one-third 
of their number had been destroyed. 

He was assassinated, at Cairo. 

Menou. 

The veteran Abercrombie. 

It was the only important enterprise, by 
land, since the commencement of the 
war, in which the British forces were 
successful. 

On the second of March, 1801. 

Fifteen-thousand. 

On the eighth. 

Seven-hundred of the British troops were 
placed hors de combat. 
502. 97. They at length lost much of their accus- 
tomed enthusiasm ; and desired rather to 
see their native homes, than a field of 
battle. 

Cairo. 

Belliard. 

Thirteen-thousand-six-hundred, 

Alexandria. 

Menou. 

On the thirtieth of August. 

Ten-thousand. 

Sir Ralph Abercrombie. 

The expulsion of the French from Egypt. 

On the twenty-seventh of March, 1802. 

Amiens. 

The marquis Cornwallis. 

Joseph Buonaparte. 

The territories of Rome and Naples. 

All the conquests made by her, during the 
war, except Trinidad and Ceylon. 

The Cape of Good Hope. 

It was to be restored to the knights of St. 
John, under many stipulations, guaranteed 
by all the great powers of Europe. 



503. 


97. 


504. 


97, 


505. 


97, 


506. 


97, 


507. 


97, 


508. 


97, 


509. 


98, 


510. 


98. 


511. 


98, 


512. 


98. 


513. 


98 


514. 


98, 


515. 


98, 


516. 


98, 


517. 


98, 


518. 


98, 


519. 


98, 



25 



CHAPTER VIIT. 

The Cisalpine, now changed, by his own 
mandate, to the appellation of the Italian 
Republic. 

Grand Mediator of the Helvetian Repubhc. 

Piedmont and Parma. 

On the third of August. 

Only one — that of Carnot. 

The Legion of Honour. 

His brother Joseph. 

St. Domingo. 

The command of general Leclerc. 

His wife, the beautiful Pauline, the favour- 
ite sister of the first consul. 

The negro chieftain, Tuissant. 
Christophe, Dessalines, and Boyer. 
By the submission of Tuissant. 
The security of the property, and the per- 
sonal safety of the chiefs. 
No. 

He was carried a prisoner to France ; where 
he died, in the following year, in conse- 
quence of the severity of his confinement. 

536. 100. In a short time, it swept oif general Leclerc, 

with most of his best officers and bravest 
men. 

537. 100. Christophe and Dessalines. 

538. 100. General Rochambeau. 

539. 100. He was obliged to save the wreck of his 

fellow-soldiers, by submitting, at discre- 
tion, to an English squadron, after the 
renewal of the war. 

540. 100. The Republic of Hayti. 

541. 100. General Dessalines. 

542. 101. A law which re-established slavery, in all 

their colonies. 
C 



A. 


P. 


520. 


99. 


521. 


99. 


522. 


99. 


523. 


99. 


524. 


99. 


525. 


99. 


526. 


99. 


527. 


99. 


528. 


99. 


529. 


99. 


530. 


99. 


531. 


100. 


532. 


100. 


533. 


100. 


534. 


100. 


535. 


100. 



26 
A. P. 

543. 101. He complained, that Malta and Alexandria 
had not been evacuated by the British 
troops ; that he was daily slandered, by 
some of the English journals ; and that 
severa] princes of the house of Bourbon, 
as well as other emigrants, hostile to his 
government, were allowed to remain un- 
molested, in Great Britain. 

644. 101. Of severity and injustice, practised towards 
the British merchants, since the termina- 
tion of the war; of a French army 
stationed in Holland, contrary to the re- 
monstrances of the Batavian government ; 
of the violation of the independence of 
Switzerland ; the annexation of Piedmont 
and Parma, to the French dominions ; the 
confiscation of the estates of the knights 
of Malta ; and the maintenance of a vast 
number of persons, in the principal sea- 
ports of Great Britain, under the ostensi- 
ble character of mercantile agents, but 
busied in making surveys of her ports and 
harbours, and acting, in reality, as spies. 

545. 101. The want of the promised co-operation, on 

the part of the other great powers of 
Europe, in guaranteeing its independence. 

546. 101. By the avowed design of the first consul to 

gain possession of Egypt, either by a 
treaty with the Turks, or force of arms. 

547. 101. The freedom of the press, in England. 

548. 101. It was justified by the law of nations. 

549. 102. On the eighteenth of May, in the year 1803. 

550. 102. Holland, and also the Italian Republic. 

551. 102. The loss of all her colonies in the West 

Indies. 

552. 102. Spain and Portugal. 

553. 102. On the fifth of October, 1804. 

554. 102. By a declaration of war, against the ag- 

gressors. 



27 

A P. 

555. 102. General Pichegru, Georges Cadoudal, and 

general Moreau. 

556. 102. He was imprisoned in the Temple ; where, 

in about a month afterwards, he was 
found strangled, in his bed. 

557. 102. Georges, and eleven of his associates, were 

beheaded. 

558. 102. He was sentenced to be imprisoned two 

years. 

559. 102. No : dreading the interposition of the army, 

in his favour, the first consul permitted 
him to embark for the United' States. 

560. 103. The duke d'Enghein. 

561. 103. The prince of Conde. 

562. 103. Having participated in the late conspiracy, 

CHAPTER IX. 

563. 104. On the eighteenth of May, 1804. 

564. 104. The senate. 

565. 104. Carnot. 

566. 104. It was answered, in the affirmative, by an 

almost unanimous vote. 

567. 104. The second of December. 

568. 104. The pope. 

569. 108. The titles of prince and princess. 

570. 109. He created them marshals, and honoured 

them with the title either of prince or 
duke. 

571. 111. On the twenty-sixth of May, in the year 

1805. 

572. 111. The republic of Genoa. 

573. 111. The most lively indignation. 

574. 111. The British. 

575. 111. Most of the continental sovereigns. 



28 
A. p. 

576. 111. The independence of Holland and Switzer- 

land ; the restoration of Piedmont, to the 
king of Sardinia ; and the evacuation of 
Hanover, the north of Germany, and 
Italy, by the French. 

577. 112. Five-hundred-thousand. 

578. 112. Austria, Russia, Naples, and Sweden, and 

some other of the minor states. 

579. 112. The gold of Britain. 

580. 112. Prussia. 

581. 112. On the twenty-fourth of September. 

582. 112. His brother Joseph. 

583. 112, Murat, Bernadotte, and Marmont; Lasnes 

and Ney ; Davoust and Soult. 

584. 112. Ulm. 

585. 112. Under circumstances at once mysterious 

and disgraceful. 

586. 112. General Mack. 

587. 112. Vienna. 

588. 115. On the second of December. 

589. 115. The presence of three emperors. 

590. 115. Kutusoff. . 

591. 115. Marshal Soult commanded the right wing ; 

Bernadotte, the centre ; and Lasnes, the 
left. ,. - 

592. 115. Murat. 

593. 115. Napoleon himself. 

594. 116. Marshal Berthier, the chief of his staff, and 

his aid-de-camp, general Junot. 

5«5. 118. Napoleon. 

596. 118. The Russians. 

597. 118. It is stated to have amounted to twenty-two- 

thousand, in killed and wounded, and 
thirty-thousand prisoners. 

598. 119. On the twenty-sixth of December. 

599. 119. The greater part of his hereditary states. 

600. 119. The regal titles, conferred, by Napoleon, 



29 
A. P. 

** upon the elector of Bavaria and duke of 

Wirtemberg. 

601. 120, It gave to France the absolute domination 

of the European continent. 

602. 120. It confirmed to England the dominion of the 

sea. 

603. 120. The twenty-first of October. 

604. 120. Admiral Villeneuve. 

605. 120. Thirty-three sail of the line and seven 

frigates. 

606. 120. Lord Nelson. 

607. 120. Twenty-seven sail of the line and four 

frigates. 

608. 123. Admiral Collingwood. 

609. 123. TheEnghsh. 

610. 123. Twenty. 

611. 123. It was the most splendid that was ever 

achieved at sea. 

612. 123, Having been suffered, after his capture, to 

proceed to Paris, that he might justify his 
conduct in the disastrous battle, he evaded 
the unmerited reproaches of the enraged 
Napoleon, and the anticipated sentence 
of a caurt-martial, by a voluntary death. 

CHAPTER X. 

613. 124. The Cape of Good Hope. 

614. 125. His favourite brother, Joseph* 

615. 125. To Messina. 

616. 125. To test the loyalty of the people to their 

former government. 

617. 125. Five-thousand. 

618. 125, The fourth of July. 

619. 125. On the plains of Maida. 

620. 125. Seven-thousaijd. 

621. 125. The Enghsh. 

C2 • ' 



30 

A. P. 

622. 126. The investiture of Murat with the duchies 

of Berg and Cleves. 

623. 126, The Confederation of the Rhine. 

624. 126. Napoleon. 

625. 126. The new kingdoms of Bavaria and Wirtem- 

berg, the electorate of Baden, the grand 
duchy of Berg, and the other minor prin- 
cipahties of which it was composed^ 
were for ever separated from the Ger- 
manic body, and combined to make one 
common cause with France ; the Ger- 
manic empire was dissolved ; and the 
house of Austria was compelled to relin- 
quish the title of emperor of Germany, 
to retain only the more humble title of 
emperor of Austria ; and yield the pre- 
cedence to France. 

626. 126. One-hundred-and-fifty-thousand men. 

627. 126. The fourth coalition, now forming against 

France. 

628. 126. The twenty-fourth of September. 

629. 126. Ney and Soult. 

630. 126. Murat, Bernadotte, and Davoust. 

631. 126. Augereau and Lasnes. 

632. 126. The duke of Brunswick. 

633. 126. Marshal Blucher and prince Hohenloe. 

634. 126. Even a worse fate than his discomfiture by 

the sans-culottes. 

635. 127. On the ninth of October. 

636. 127. The battle of Schleitz. 

637. 127. The battle of Jena. 

638. 1 27. The fourteenth of October. 

639. 127. The French. 

640. 127. He was mortally wounded. 

641. 127. Berlin. 

642. 127. One-hundred-and-forty-thousand prisoners, 

two-hundred-and-fifty standards, and four- 



31 
A. P. 

thousand-eight-hundred pieces of artil- 
lery. 

643. 128. The Prussian army was annihilated, and the 

Prussian monarchy subdued. 

644. 128. Warsaw. 

64^. 128. General Beningsen. 

646. 128. Pultusk. 

647. 128. On the twenty-sixth of December. 

648. 128. After an obstinate and sanguinary conflict, 

both armies claimed a victory, and each 
seemed beaten by the other. 

649. 128. The battle of Eylau. 

650. 128. On the eighth of February, 1807. 

651. 128. After continuing for twelve hours, the ranks 

of both armies were thinned, by a dread- 
ful slaughter, and both claimed the victory, 
as at Pultusk. 

652. 128. The battle of Friedland. 

653. 128. On the fourteenth of June. 

654. 128. It terminated in the total defeat of the Rus- 

sians. 

655. 128. Alexander. 

656. 128. On the twenty-second of June. 

657. 128. Tilsit. 

658. 128. The king and queen of Prussia. 

659. 129. On the ninth of July. 

660. 129. Of all her territories on the left bank of the 

Elbe ; and of all her Polish provinces, ex- 
cept those situated between Pomerania 
and Newmarke, and ancient Prussia, to 
the north of the river Netz. 

661. 129, The elector, now become the king, of Sax- 

ony. 

662. 129. The kingdom of Holland. 

663. 129. The kingdom of Westphalia. 

664. 129. To close her ports, and become a party in 

the war, against England. 



32 

A. P. 

665. 129. The kings of Naples, Holland, and West- 

phalia. 

666. 131. Because they feared that the influence of 

Napoleon, would direct the naval power 
of Denmark against England. 

667. 132. Not Denmark alone, but Russia, also, was 

rendered inimical to her. 

668. 132. On the thirty-first of October. 

669. 132. So generally was it enforced against Eng- 

land, that, in the beginning of the ensuing 
year, all the ports of Europe, except 
those of Sicily and Sweden, were closed 
against British vessels and commerce. 



CHAPTER XL 

670. 1 32. His schemes of aggrandizement in the south. 

671. 132. GeneralJunot. 

672. 132. To emigrate to the western hemisphere. 

673. 132. Spain. 

674. 133. Pampeluna, St. Sebastian, Figueras, and 

Barcelona. 

675. 133. In the year 1808. 

676. 133. Charles IV. abdicated the throne, in favour 

of the prince of Asturias, as Ferdinand VIL 

677. 133. A formal abdication of the throne. 

678. 134. His brother Joseph. 

679. 134. No. 

680. 134. Joachim Murat. 

681. 135. They were hurried into the interior of 

France. 

682. 136. It excited a general insurrection, throughout 

Spain. 

683. 136. England. 

684. 136. Yes: with enthusiastic ardour. 

685. 1 36. They were liberated ; and embarked, for 

the peninsula, newly clothed and armed. 



33 

A. p. 

686. 136. Moncey. 

687. 136. In the neighbourhood of Andujar. 

688. 136. On the twentieth of July, general Dupont, 

with an army of twelve-thousand men, 
and a detachment of eight-thousand then 
advancing to join him, surrendered to the 
Spanish patriots, under general CastanoSo 

689. 137. Sir Arthur Wellesley. 

690. 137. On the twenty-first of August 

691. 137. Sir Arthur Wellesley. 

692. 137. It was agreed that the French should evac- 

uate Portugal, and be conveyed, with all 
their arms, artillery, and ammunition, to 
France, in British vessels, without any 
restrictions, as to future service. 

On the sixteenth of January,in the year 1 809. 

Marshal Soult. 

Sir John Moore. 

The English. 

He was killed. 

Marshal Lasnes, duke of Montebello. 

Don Joseph Palafox. 

On the seventeenth of February, by sap. 

It was unparalleled, except by their ances- 
tors of Numantia, when besieged by the 
Roman arms ; the devoted citizens, join- 
ed by their wives and daughters, having 
fought, for their homes and firesides, with 
the very " knife." 

702. 138. Forty-two days. 

703. 139. Thirty-thousand. 

704. 139. She vs^as charged with having opened the 

harbour of Trieste, to the English ; with 
having protected, by her ships of war, 
British merchant-vessels, in their passage 
from Malta to the Levant ; with having 
held conferences with an official messen- 
ger from the Spanish patriots, and prom- 
ised to assist them, with an army of one- 
hundred-thousand men. 



693. 


138, 


694. 


138 


695. 


138, 


696. 


138 


697. 


138. 


698. 


138, 


699. 


138 


700. 


138, 


701. 


138, 



34 

A. P. 

705. 139. In March, 1809. 

706. 139. The archduke Charles. 

707. 140. On the twelfth of April. 
703. 140. The faithful Josephine. 

709. 141. One-hundred pieces of cannon, and forty- 

thousand men. 

710. 141. Vienna. 

711. 143. Lasnes, duke of Montebello. 

712. 145. The sixth of July. 

713. 145. The archduke Charles. 

714. 145. The left was commanded by the prince of 

Ponte Corvo ; the right, by the duke of 
Auerstadt ; the centre, by Napoleon him- 
self, 

715. 145. The Austrians. 

716. 145. The twelfth of July. 

717. 145. On the fourteenth of October. 

718. 145. They were considered as by no means se- 

vere. 

719. 145. They may be comprised under three heads; 

— those to the sovereigns of the confed- 
eration of the Rhine ; those to the king 
of Saxony ; and those to the emperor of 
France. 

720. 146. Joseph Buonaparte, as king of Spain. 

721. 146. The continental system. 

722. 147. That by which the Austrian monarch as- 

signed the inhabitants of the Tyrol to 
Bavaria. 

723. 147. Hoffer. 

724. 147. By pouring in continual reinforcements, and 

by the capture and universally reprobated 
execution of the gallant Hoffer. 

725. 148. To gain possession of the island of Walche- 

ren, and destroy the French ships of war, 
in the Scheldt. 

726. 148. Sir Richard Stracban. 

727. 148. The earl of Chatham. 



35 

A. P. 

728. 148. No: signally abortive. 

729. 148. The indolence of lord Chatham. 

730. 148. After a union of fifteen years, the empress 

Josephine had blessed her husband with 
no heir to his imperial throne. 

731. 148. Maria Louisa, a daughter of the emperor 

of Austria. 
732.' 155. On the eleventh of March, in the year 1810. 

733. 156. On the first day of April 

734. 156. Napoleon's uncle. Cardinal Fesch. 

CHAPTER XII. 

735. 157. The affairs of Holland. 

736. 157. He had opened the Dutch ports, and re- 

pealed his decrees against British com- 
merce. 

737. 157. Louis abdicated the throne of Holland, and 

that kingdom was united, by Napoleon, 
to the French empire. 

/38. 158. Marshal Bernadotte, prince of Ponte Corvo. 

739. 158. It began to experience a check. 

740. 158. Sir Arthur Wellesley. 

741. 158. General Cuesta. 

742. 158. At Talavera. 

743. 158« Marshal Victor. 

744. 158. On the twenty-seventh of July, in the year 

1809. 

745. 158. Sir Arthur Wellesley. 

746. 159. It will always hold a high rank in the annals 

of destructive war. 

747. 159. He was created viscount Wellington. 

748. 159. Marshal Beresford. 

749. 159. Castanos and Blake. 
750.' 159. On the sixteenth of May. 
751. 159. The duke of Dalmatia. 



A. 

752. 


P. 

159, 


753. 


159, 


754. 


160, 


755. 


160. 


756. 


160. 


757. 


160. 


758. 


160. 


759. 


160. 


760. 


160. 


761. 


160. 


762. 


160. 



36 

The allies. 

They were successful. 
Marshal Suchet. 
Valencia. 

On the ninth of January, in the year 1812. 
Duke of Albufuera. 

The loss of Ciudad Rodrigo and Badajoz. 
Lord Wellington. 
The twenty-second of July. 
Marshal Marmont, duke of Ragusa. 
It terminated in the total defeat of the 
French. 

763. 160. The evacuation of Madrid, by the intrusive 

king ; and the surrender of that capital, 
to lord Wellington, on the twelfth of 
August. 

764. 160. They exhibited nothing but disaster. 

765. 161. There was not now remaining, either to 

France or Holland, a sii^gle colony, either 
in the eastern or the western hemisphere. 

766. 161. Their flags were expelled from the ocean, 

and their commerce was almost totally 
destroyed. 

767. 161, The merchants remonstrated on the loss of 

their most profitable commerce ; and the 
nobles were indignant at the degradation 
of their country. 

768. 161. He had seized the dominions of the duke of 

Oldenburg, the brother-in-law of Alex- 
ander, and refused to withdraw his troops 
from Prussia and Swedish Pomerania. 

769. 161. At least four-hundred-thousand. 

770. 161. On the twenty -second of June. 

771. 162. Napoleon. 

772. 162. Barclay de Tolly. 

773. 162. Napoleon. 

774. 163. Prince Kutusoff. 

775. 163. Borodino. 



37 
A. P. 

776. 163. That he might the better defend Moscow. 

777. 163. Two-thousand. 

778. 163. The seventh of September. 

779. 163. It was the most sanguinary battle of mod- 

ern times. 

780. 163. Fifteen- thousand of their number were kill- 

ed, and thirty-thousand wounded. 

781. 163. An impartial historian can award it to 

neither. 

782. 163. The Russians failed in their object, which 

was to arrest the progress of their enemy : 
— the French, at the close of the battle, 
were obliged to retire, for several miles ; 
and, while Te Deum was performing, at 
St. Petersburg, the French army arrived 
before the walls of Moscow. 

783. 163. On the fourteenth of September. 

784. 164. No: it was nearly deserted. 

785. 164. Moscow appeared, at different quarters, in 

flames. 

786. 164. The governor, Rostopchin. 

787. 164. Only one-tenth pa>rt of a city, twenty-six 

miles in circumference, remained, as a 
cover to the unhappy victors. 

788. 16,4. On the nineteenth of October. 

789. 164. Thirty-four days. 

790. 165. His daughter, in marriage, with a princely 

fortune. 

791. 167. Marshal Ney. 

792. 167. The bravest of the brave. 

793. 167. On the ninth of November. 

794. 167. The first instance of a French corps sur- 

rendering, without firing a gun. 

795. 168. Smorgoni. 

796. 169. On the tenth of December. 

797. 169. The abbe de Pradt. 

798. 172. At midnight, on the eighteenth of December. 

D 



38 
A. P. 

799. 172. It is probable, .that, of nearly four-hundred^ 

thousand troops, not fifty-thousand were 
suffered to escape from Russia. 

800. 172. Alexander. 

801. 172. They now resolved to throw off the yoke. 

802. 172. Prussia. 

803. 172. Several more of the German states. 

804. 172. The crown-prince of Sweden, BernadottCi 

805. 1 73. General Witgenstein. 

806. 173. On the fifteenth of April, in the year 1813. 

807. 173. Lutzen, Bautzen, and Hochkirk. 

808. 172. Marshal Bessieres. 

809. 173. Duroc. 

810. 173. Dresden. 

811. 173. The Russian, Prussian, and Austrian. 

812. 173. Their respective sovereigns, in person. 

813. 173. General Moreau. 

814. 173. The Russian. 

815. 173. The defeat and capture of general Van- 

damme, and his army of ten-thousand 
men, by the Russian commander, count 
Osterman ; also, by the discomfiture of 
several other corps, by the Prussian gen- 
eral, Bkicher ; and by one of Napoleon's 
former generals, the crown-prince of 
Sweden. 

816. 174. The sixteenth of October. 

817. 174. Prince Schwartzenberg, the crown-prince, 

Bernadotte, and marshal Blucher. 

818. 174. Napoleon, with his ablest generals. 

819. 174. More than haif-a-milhon. 

820. 175. The French. 

821. 175. Poniatowski. 

822. 175. To drive the French army over the Pyren- 

nees, and g:nn a firm footing in France. 

823. 175. Holland and Switzerland. 

824. 175. Being invited, by the unanimous voice Cf 



39 

A P 

the Dutch nation, he returned from Eng», 

laiid, and was reinstated in his former 
sovereignty. 

825. 176. Nineteen years. 

826. 176. Denmark and Naples. 

827. 176. That the boundaries of France should be 

the Pyrennees, the Alps, and the Rhine. 

828. 176. The twenty-ninth of March. 

829. 176. Joseph Buonaparte, and marshals Marmont 

and Mortier. 

830. 177. The thirtieth of March. ' 

831. 179. He was enjoying a few hours' repose, at a 

small inn, about four leagues from Paris. 

832. 180. He offered to abdicate the throne, in favour 

of his infant son, 

833. 180. No. 

834. 180. To restore the Bourbons. 

835. 180. They proposed to guarantee the personal 

safety of Napoleon and his family ; to 
allow all the nobihty, of his creation, to 
retain their honours and estates ; to per- 
mit him to retire to the isle of Elba, 
which he was to hold, in full sovereignty, 
during his hfe, with a yearly pension of 
two-millions of francs;, also, to retain 
the title of emperor ; and Maria Louisa 
to have the duchies of Parma, Guestalla, 
and Placentia, with succession to Francis 
Napoleon, her son, 

836. 180. Yes. - 

837. 181. The twentieth of April. 
838.. 181. Bertrand and Drouet. 

839. 181. On the third of May. 

840. 181. He was his elder brother, 

841. 181. Nearly twenty-five years. 

842. 18l! The harbour of St. Raphor. 

843. 183. An Enghsh frigate, the Undaunted. 

844. 183. Captain Usher. 



A. 


P. 


843. 


185, 


846. 


185, 


847. 


185, 


848. 


185. 


849. 


188. 


850. 


189. 


851. 


189. 



40 

On the third pf May. 
Opposite the coast of Tuscany. 
About twelve-thousand. 
About sixty miles. 

His mother, and his sister, the princess 

Pauline. 
The thirtieth of May. 
The same that had formed her boundary, in 

the year 1792, before the revolutionary 

war. 

852. 189. She recovered all her colonies, except the 
islands of Mauritius and Bourbon, which 
were ceded to Great Britain. 

Belgium and Holland. 

The kingdom of the Netherlands. 

The prince of Orange. 

All, except the Cape of Good Hope, the 
island of Ceylon, Demerara, Essequibo, 
and*Berbice. 

All his dominions, with the cities and terri- 
tories of Venice. 

He was reinstated in his spiritual and tem- 
poral authority. 

Murat. 

Their ancient masters. 

It was taken from Denmark, and assigned 
to Sweden. 

862. 189. To procure a total abolition of the slave- 

trade ; and to abolish it, with regard to 
France, at the end of five years. 

863. 189. No. 

CHAPTER XIII. 

864. 190. Marshal Soult. 

865. 190. They had ranked him, amongst the most 

distinguished generals of the age. 



853. 


189. 


854. 


189. 


855. 


189, 


856. 


189. 


857. 


189, 


858, 


189, 


859. 


189 


860. 


189, 


861. 


189, 



41 

A. P. 

866., 190. Talleyrand. 

867. 190. He is represented as one of the most con-. 

summate statesmen that ever lived. 

868. 191. It indicated a wide difference of opinions, 

entertained by large classes of the com- 
munity. 

869. 191. That these secret dissensions could not long 

subsist, without bursting into a flame. 

870. 191. Their hostility to the reigning family, was 

not long disguised. 

871. 191. A spirit of military enterprise. 

872. 191. A recent order, for the reduction, to half- 

pay, of all officers, not actually employed, 
combined with the recall of the Swiss 
guards, to Paris. 

873. 191. Of a design to restore the principles of the 

ancient monarchj^ 

874. 191. Marshal Soult. 

875. 193. To return to France, to drive the Bourbon 

from his inglorious throne, and again to 
place upon his own head the imperial 
throne. 

876. 193. On Sunday, the twenty-sixth of February., ' 

877. 193. 1815. 

878. 193. General Bertrand, and the other officers of 

Jiis staff. 

879. 193. About eleven-hundred, 

880. 193. On the first of March. 

881. 193. Near Cannes, a small sea-port, in the gulf 

of St. Juan, not far from Frejus. 

882. 195. Ney. 

883. 196. On the twentieth of March. 

884. 196. No : not a shot had been fired, 

885. 196. About ten months. 

886. 196. It is without a parallel in history, and much 

beyond the limits of probable fiction. 

887. 196. Every soldier sent against him, joined his 

force. 

D2 



42 

A. P. 

888. 197. No. 

8$9. 1 97. At ten o'clock, in the morning of the night 
in which Napoleon entered Paris. 

890. 197. About two-hundred. 

891. 197. Yes. 

892. 197. Ghent. 

893. 197. On the first of June, he threw himself from 

a window, in the palace of Bamberg, and 
was killed by the fall. 

894. 197. Austria, Russia, Prussia, and Great Britain. 

895. 197. One-hundred-and-fifty-thousand. 

896. 197. Bavaria, Baden, Saxony, Hanover, the 

Hanse Towns, and the smaller states of 
the Rhine. 

897. 197. He addressed a letter, in his own hand- 

writing, to each of the sovereigns of Eu- 
rope, announcing his restoration, and ex- 
pressing his sincere desire to maintain the 
repose of the world. 

898. 197. No. 
&99. 198. Murat. 

900. 198. He was expelled from Naples* 

901. 198. In Belgium. 

902. 198. On the morning of the twelfth of June. 

903. 198. Marshals Soult and Ney. 

904. 198. On the fourteenth. 

905. 199. Marshal Blucher. 

906. 1 99. On the heights of Ligny. 

907. 1 99. In killed and wounded, fifteen-thousand men. 

908. 199. The duke of Welhngton. 

909. 199. The duke of Brunswick. 

910. 199. Wavre. 

911. 199. Waterloo. 

912. 200. Since the battle of Pharsalia, no engage- 

ment was pregnant with consequences so 
momentous. 



43 

A. P. 

913. 200. It was the smallest, in extent of front, com- 

pared with the numbers .engaged, of any 
field of battle in the recollection of mili- 
tary men. 

914. 200. About eighty-thousand, each. 

915. 200. No. 

916. 200. Jerome Buonaparte commanded on the left; 

counts Reille and d'Erlon, the centre ^ 
count Lobau, on the right, 

917. 200. On the eighteenth of June. 

918. 204. The duke of Wellington, 

919. 204. It was immense. 

920. 204. One-hundred officers were killed, and five- 

hundred wounded. 

921. 204. Not less than twelve-thousand. 

922. 204. Not more than about forty-thousand. 

923. 205. No, 

924. 205. To Paris. 

925. 205. On the evening of the twentieth of June. 

926. 205. To be made dictator. 

927. 205. No. 

928. 205. Carnot, Lafayette, and other leading mem- 

bers of the legislature. 

929. 205. " Offering himself a sacrifice to the hatred 

of the enemies of France," he proclaim^ 
ed his son emperor, by the title of Napo-. 
leon II. 

930. 205. No. 

931. 205. His own abdication, 

932. 205. On the third of July. 

933. 205. One-hundred days. 

934. 206. Talleyrand. 

935. 206. The duke of Otranto, 

936. 206. Marshal St. Cyr. 

937. 206. The duke of Richelieu. 

938. 206. The emperor of Russia, and the king of 

Prussia. 



44 

A. P. 

939. 207. In endeavouring to reach a sea-port, and 

embark for the United States. 

940. 207. Rochefort. 

941. 207. No, 

942. 207. The port was closely watched, by English 

cruisers. 

943. 207. The Bellerophon, commanded by captain 

Maitland. 

944. 207. To pass the remainder of his days in Eng- 

land. 

945. 207. No. 

946. 207. That he should be carried, as a state pris- 

oner, to St. Helena. 

947. 207. ^Great Britain. 

948. 207. In the Southern Atlantic. 

949. 207. Torbay. 

950. 207. The British ship of war, Northumberland. 

951. 207. Captain Ross. 

952. 207. The flag of rear-admiral sir George Cock- 

burn. 

953. 207. Count Bertrand and his wife ; the count 

and countess Montholon ; count de Las 
Cases, and general Gourgaud ; with nine 
men and three women servants. 

954. 207. On the seventeenth of October. 

955. 207. Seventy-two days. 

956. 208. It is impregnable. 

957. 208. Rupert's Bay, James-Town, and Lemon 

Valley. 

CHAPTER XIV, 

958. 209. The king of Sweden. 

959. 209. Within the period of the second reign of 

his imperial relation. 

960. 212. He was condemned to be shot. 



45 

A. P. 

96 i. 212. On the thirteenth of October. 

962. 212. As became a soldier and a man, 

963. 212. In the year 1767. 

964. 212. The department of Lot, in France. 

965. 213. Caroline, the youngest sister of the first 

consul. 

966. 213. He may be ranked, for bravery and enter- 

prise, amongst the first military charac- 
ters of the age. 

967. 213. His endeavours wrere assiduously directed 

to correct the vices, and to ameliorate 
the condition, of his subjects, 

968. 213, He was weak and irresolute. 



CHAPTER XV. 

969, 215, Colonel Labedoyere, 

970, 215, Treason, rebellion, and the seduction of his 

troops from their allegiance. 

971, 215, On the twelfth of August. 

972, 215. He was condemned to suffer death. 

973, 216. He terminated his life with a pistol. 

974, 217. The duke of Richelieu. 

975, 219. High treason. 

976, 220, On the impunity granted to the marshal, as 

a resident in Paris, by the twelfth article 
of capitulation. 

977, 220, That no person in the capital should be dis- 

turbed, or called to account, for his polit- 
ical conduct. 

978, 220, In a unanimous award of guilty. 

979, 221. The seventh of December. 

980, 221, They were deeply affected, 

981, 221, History affords no example, that we recol- 

lect, of a judicial murder, so horribly 
atrocious. 



46 

A. P. 

982. 221. General count Lavalette. 

983. 221. The office of director of posts. 

984. 222. He was sentenced to death: 

985. 222. No. 

986. 222. Disguised in the dress of madame Lavalette. 

987. 222. Mr. Crawford Bruce, captain Hutchinson, 

sir Robert Wilson, and Mr. ElHster. 

988. 223. The United States. 

989. 224. Count de Survelliers. 

990. 223. In different parts of Europe. 

991. 224. The duke of Berri. 

992. 224. On the thirteenth of February, 1820. 

993. 224. The only son of the count d'Artois, 

CHAPTER XVI. 

994. 228. At James-Town. 

995. 228. The house of a gentleman named Porteous. 

996. 229. Mr. O'Meara. 

997. 229. The Briars. 

998. 230. Mr. Balcombe. 

999. 230. About a mile and a half. 

1000. 234. Longwood. 

1001. 229. It is situated on a plain, formed on the sum- 

mit of a mountain, about eighteen-hundred 
feet above the level of the sea. 

1002. 235. On the ninth of December. 

1003. 236. Sir George Cockburn. 

1004. 236. A space of about twelve miles in circum- 

ference. 

1005. 237. An arrangement, by the means of which per- 

sons furnished with a pass from him, had 
permission to enter Longwood grounds. 

1006. 241. On the fourteenth of April, 1816. 

1007. 241. Sir Hudson Lowe. 



47 
A. p. 

1008. 245. The boundaries within which they had been 

allowed to exercise, were curtailed ; the 
shopkeepers were ordered not to sell any 
article to them, except for ready money ; 
and to hold no communication with them, 
unless by the governor's permission. 

1009. 253. Las Cases. 

1010. 253. He had given a letter, written upon silk, to 

Scott his servant, with which he was to 
proceed to England. 

1011. 253. He was one of the ancient nobility of France. 

1012. 253. England. 
The profession of a teacher. 
A Geography and Atlas. 

When the directory was succeeded by the 
consular government. 

Dr. O'Meara. 

On the twenty-fifth of July, in the year 1818. 

Dr. F. Antommarchi. 

He was a native of Corsica. 

Father Bonavita, and the abbe Vignali. 

On the fifth of May, in the year 182L 

Tete d''armee. (head of the army.) 

An ulcer in the stomach. 

In the island of St. Helena ; in a small se- 
cluded recess, called Slane's or Haine's 
Valley. 
277. On the eighth of May. 

The military cloak which Napoleon had 
worn at the battle of Marengo. 

The members of his late household. 

The governor, the admiral, and all the civil 
and mihtary authorities of the island. 

A party of British grenadiers. 

The abbe Vignali. 

Fifty-one years, eight months, and twenty 
days. 



1013. 


, 254. 


1014. 


254. 


1015. 


254. 


1016. 


269. 


1017. 


269. 


1018. 


273. 


1019. 


273. 


1020. 


272. 


1021. 


276. 


1022. 


276. 


1023. 


276. 


1024. 


277. 


1025. 


277. 


1026, 


277. 


1027. 


277. 


1028. 


277. 


1029. 


277. 


1030. 


277. 


1031. 


277, 



48 

A. P. 
1032. 277. " Few men have done more mischief in the 
world, than Napoleon, and not many 
have done more good. In giving liberty 
of conscience, to professors of all reli- 
gions ; in finally destroying every vestige 
of the feudal system ; in overturning the 
detestable power of the inquisition ; and, 
lastly, in the promulgation of his edict for 
the abolition of the slave-trade ; whatever 
construction we may attach to the mo- 
tives, we cannot but sincerely approve 
the deeds.'' 



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